The three-dimensional automatic warehouse is basically composed of the following parts
High rise shelving: a steel structure used for storing goods. At present, there are two basic forms of shelves: welded shelves and modular shelves.
Tray (cargo box): a tool used to carry goods, also known as workstation equipment.
Tunnel stacker crane: a device used for automatic storage and retrieval of goods. Divided into two basic forms based on structural form: single column and double column; According to the service mode, it can be divided into three basic forms: straight road, curved road, and transfer car.
Conveyor system: The main peripheral equipment of a three-dimensional automated warehouse, responsible for transporting goods to or from a stacker crane. There are many types of conveyors, including roller conveyors, chain conveyors, lifting platforms, distribution vehicles, elevators, belt conveyors, etc.
AGV system: automatic guided vehicle. According to their guidance methods, they are divided into induction guided cars and laser guided cars.
Automatic control system: an automatic control system that drives various equipment in the three-dimensional automatic warehouse system. At present, the control mode is mainly based on fieldbus.
Inventory Information Management System: also known as Central Computer Management System. It is the core of the three-dimensional automatic warehouse system. At present, typical three-dimensional automatic warehouse systems use large database systems (such as ORACLE, SYBASE, etc.) to construct typical client/server systems, which can be networked or integrated with other systems (such as ERP systems, etc.).
The superiority of a three-dimensional automated warehouse
The superiority of a three-dimensional automated warehouse is multifaceted, and for enterprises, it can be reflected in the following aspects:
1. Improve space utilization efficiency
The basic starting point of the early concept of a three-dimensional warehouse was to improve space utilization and fully save limited and valuable land. In some developed countries in the West, the concept of improving space utilization has a broader and deeper meaning, linking land conservation with energy conservation, environmental protection, and other aspects. Some even treat the utilization rate of space as an important indicator of system rationality and progressiveness assessment.
The space utilization rate of the three-dimensional library is closely related to its planning. Generally speaking, the space utilization rate of automated elevated warehouses is 2-5 times that of ordinary flat warehouses. This is quite impressive.
2.Facilitating the formation of advanced logistics systems and improving the production management level of enterprises
Traditional warehouses are only places for storing goods, and preserving goods is their only function, which is a form of 'static storage'. The three-dimensional automatic warehouse adopts advanced automated material handling equipment, which not only enables goods to be automatically accessed and stored in the warehouse as needed, but also can be organically connected with production processes outside the warehouse. Through computer management systems and automated material handling equipment, the warehouse becomes an important link in enterprise production logistics. The storage of purchased and self-produced parts in automated warehouses by enterprises is a part of the entire production process. Short term storage is to automatically output them to the next process for production at a specified time, thereby forming an automated logistics system. This is a "dynamic storage" and a clear technological trend in the development of automated warehouses today.
The logistics system described above is also a subsystem of the entire enterprise production management system (from ordering, necessary design and planning, planning and production arrangement, manufacturing, assembly, testing, shipping, etc.). Establishing real-time connections between the logistics system and the enterprise system is another obvious technological trend in the development of automated elevated warehouses.
Modern enterprises have put forward higher requirements for management, and the thinking mode of "managing for efficiency" has become the consensus of most modern enterprise managers.
Production management is an important component of enterprise management, mainly including product planning, production organization, logistics planning, external equipment procurement, product quality, cost estimation, and other contents. The automated elevated warehouse system, as a central link in the production process, almost participates in the entire process of production management.
3.Accelerate the pace of goods storage and retrieval, reduce labor intensity, and improve production efficiency
Establishing a logistics system centered around a three-dimensional automated warehouse, the superiority of which is also reflected in the fast inbound and outbound capabilities of automated elevated warehouses, which can quickly and properly store goods in the elevated warehouse (inbound), as well as quickly, timely, and automatically deliver production required components and raw materials to the production line. This characteristic cannot be achieved by ordinary flat warehouses.
Meanwhile, the implementation of a three-dimensional automated warehouse is the most typical example of reducing the labor intensity of workers. This reduction in labor intensity is comprehensive, including:
(1) Using automatic aisle stacker cranes to replace manual storage and retrieval of goods is both fast and labor-saving. Due to workers not having to enter the warehouse to work, the working environment has greatly improved.
(2) The use of a computer management system to manage goods greatly enhances the management capability of goods, making warehouse management more scientific, accurate, and reliable. The workload of inbound and outbound management, inventory management, and reporting has become simple and fast, and the labor intensity of workers has been greatly reduced.
(3) The three-dimensional warehouse system is supplemented by auxiliary conveying equipment in front of the warehouse, making it simple and convenient to enter and exit the warehouse.
(4) The three-dimensional automatic warehouse system requires very few operators and system maintenance personnel, which not only saves manpower and material resources, but also improves the working environment, achieving multiple benefits at once.
4.Reduce inventory capital backlog
After investigating and understanding some large enterprises, it was found that due to historical reasons, management methods are outdated and material management is scattered, making it difficult to establish a close connection between production management and production processes. In order to achieve expected production capacity and meet production requirements, sufficient raw materials and components must be prepared. This makes inventory backlog a significant issue. How to reduce inventory capital backlog and fully meet production needs has become a major issue that large enterprises have to face. The elevated warehouse system is one of the most effective means to solve this problem.
The factory logistics system centered on automated storage has solved the circulation problems and supply-demand contradictions in various production links. To achieve an optimal supply of raw materials, production quantity of components, and the required quantity for production.
The establishment of computer network systems enables more timely and practical procurement of raw materials and purchased components. The establishment of computer management systems has strengthened the macro-control function, enabling the production volume of each link in production to better meet actual needs. Establish finished and semi-finished product warehouses to address temporary market supply-demand imbalances and fully unleash the production potential of the enterprise.
5.The symbol of a modern enterprise
Modern enterprises adopt an intensive large-scale production model. This requires all links in the production process to be closely connected and form an organic whole. Require scientific and practical production management. Achieve scientific decision-making. Therefore, establishing an automated elevated warehouse system is one of its powerful measures.
As mentioned earlier, automated logistics systems have unparalleled advantages in maximizing space utilization, meeting production requirements to the maximum extent, reducing labor intensity for workers, improving production efficiency, strengthening production and material management, and reducing inventory backlog funds. This is exactly what a modern enterprise requires and pursues.
Due to the use of computer management and network technology, it is possible for enterprise leaders to quickly grasp various material information at a macro level, and for engineering and technical personnel, production management personnel, and production technical personnel to timely understand inventory information in order to arrange production processes reasonably and improve production efficiency. The Internet and Intranet provide a broad space and strong technical support for enterprises to obtain online connections with the outside world, break through information bottlenecks, broaden their horizons, and introduce external and internal links.
Looking at large enterprises both domestically and internationally, since the 1960s when automated logistics systems were gradually adopted, they have become an indispensable and important component of enterprise production management to this day. According to relevant statistics, Japan has built over 8000 three-dimensional automated warehouses (logistics systems). Establishing a three-dimensional automated warehouse system has become one of the important symbols of modern enterprises.
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